Relay Test Methods

Steady-state testing
This refers to testing by applying basically as steady state condition to a protection relay element and checking its response. Test quantities are slowly varied (slower that the time constant response of the relay, and in smaller steps than the measuring sensitivity of the relay) to determine the operating point. AC test quantities are non-distorted sinewaves at power system frequencies. More information ...

Dynamic testing
This refers to testing by applying a dynamic condition to a protection relay element (thereby simulating a power system fault or disturbance), and checking the relay's response. The voltages and/or currents are typically stepped from a prefault/healthy state to a fault/unhealthy state. AC test quantities are non-distorted sinewaves at power system frequencies. More information ...

System Model Based Dynamic Testing
In this type of testing, the voltage and current quantities are calculated based on the source, line and fault impedance quantities, thereby more accurately modelling the actual currents and voltages in real world load and fault conditions. A dynamic changes in voltage and current are applied to a protection relay element (thereby simulating a power system fault or disturbance), and checking the relay's response. AC test quantities are non-distorted sinewaves at power system frequencies. More information ...

Transient Playback
This refers to playback of waveforms containing transients (noise, harmonics, dc offsets, etc) to a protection relay, thereby checking response to real world phenomena. The waveform data typically comes from recorded fault waveforms or from a computer simulation. More information ...

End-to-end Testing
This refers to complete testing of transmission line protection systems using GPS - time synchronized simultaneous injection of fault quantities at two or more remote terminals. The remote terminals are usually connected together by a communications channel(s) to carry protection signalling information. More information ...

Automated Testing
This refers to the use of a computer and computer software to automatically test protection relay elements. The computer controls the test equipment and generates a test report to document the performance of the device that is tested. More information ...

All of these test methods can be applied using Manta Test Systems products.