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Protection Library
- Line Protection
General
Evaluating Line Relaying Schemes in Terms of Speed, Security, and Dependability
Phase Comparison Relaying
Relaying Short Lines
Polarizing sources for directional ground relays
Delta-Current Admittance Relay Improves Line Loadability
Transmission Line Relay Loadability
High Speed Digital Protection of EHV Transmission Lines Using Traveling Waves
An Integrated Protective Scheme for a multi-ended Transmission Line using Radial Basis Neural Network
Analysis of an Adaptive Overcurrent Relay for Transmission and Distribution Lines
Transmission Line Fault Detection & Phase Selection using ANN
Evaluation of Travelling Wave Based Protection Schemes for Implementation in Medium Voltage Distribution Networks
Transmission Line Protection for Increasing Power System Requirements
Underground/Submarine Cable Protection Using a Sequence Directional Comparison Scheme
Protection of High-Voltage AC Cables
New Ground Directional Elements Operate Reliably for Changing System Conditions
New Directional Ground-Fault Elements Improve Sensitivity in Ungrounded and Compensated Networks
Microprocessor-Based Transmission Line Relay Applications
A Comparison Between Distance Protection and Differential Protection without Synchronisation of Multi-terminal Lines
Limits to the Sensitivity of Ground Directional & Distance Protection
Innovative Solutions Improve Transmission Line Protection
Dual autoreclosure scheme with distance protection for the El Furrial 230kV substation
EDF patented protection 'PDTR' against resistive phase-to-ground faults in compensated MV distribution
Pilot Protection Alternatives
Improving the protection of EHV teed feeders using local agents
Time-Overcurrent Relay Coordination: A Review
Detecting High Impedance Faults Utilizing Combined Phase Voltages with Neutral Line Current
Improvement of Ground-Fault Relaying Selectivity through the Application of Directional Relays to High-Voltage Longwall Mining Systems
Developing an Agent-based Backup Protection System for Transmission Networks
Line Protection and Power System Collapse
Study of WLB-2000 Digital Relay Based on DSP for High Voltage Transmission Line
Developing an Agent-based Backup Protection System for Transmission Networks
Automatic Reclosing - Transmission Line Applications and Considerations
Protection of Long Lines
ANSI 67 function in Distance relays
400kV OHL Protection
A Protection and Control System for 1000kV Power Transmission
Directional protection equipment
Application of Overreaching Distance Relays
Negative-Sequence Impedance Directional Element
Behavior of the protection system of Extra High Voltage lines in faults with resistance to ground
High Speed Digital Protection of EHV Transmission Lines Using Traveling Waves
Challenges and Solutions in the Protection of a Long Line in the Furnas System
Two Terminals Based Protection and Automation Schemes for Power Transmission Lines
Distance Relaying
Distance Relays Fundamentals
Distance Relays Application Guide
Dynamic Characteristics of Mho Distance Relays
New Developments in Distance Relay Polarization and Fault Type Selection
Advancements in Adaptive Algorithms for Secure High-Speed Distance Protection
Distance Protection of Parallel Lines
Z = V/I Does Not Make a Distance Relay
Distance Relay Element Design
Realization of Distance Relay Algorithm using EMTP MODELS
Microprocessor-Based Distance Relay Solutions
New Methodology for Optimal Design of Digital Distance Relaying Algorithms
Application of Phase and Ground Distance Relays to Three Terminal Lines
Ground Distance Relaying: Problems and Principles
Variable Digital Filter Response Time in a Digital Distance Relay
Carrier-Current Pilot Relaying with MHO Type distance relays
A comparison of distance protection algorithms in distribution system with high level of harmonics
Fault Classification for Distance Protection
The Effect of Zero-Sequence Infeed on Ground Distance Measurement
An Improved Voltage Phasor Estimation Technique to Minimize the Impact of CCVT Transients in Distance Protection
Selection of distance relaying schemes when protecting dual circuit lines
Performance evaluation of an adaptive digital distance relay immune to harmonic effects
Simulation, analysis and setting of distance relays on double circuit transmission lines
Distance Protection: Pushing the Envelope
Evaluation of Distance and Directional Relay Elements on Lines With Power Transformers or Open-Delta VTs
Multiple Backup Distance Zones using Settings Group Control
Series Compensated Lines
Series Compensated Line Protection Issues
Experiences in Setting Protections of Series Capacitor Compensated Lines
ATP-EMTP Investigation of a New Distance Protection Principle for Series Compensated Lines
Investigation of the False Operation of a Digital Directional Comparison Relay During 500-kV Series Capacitor Reinsertion
Distance Protection of Series-Compensated Lines: Problems and Solutions
Distance Protection Aspects of Transmission Lines Equipped with Series Compensation Capacitors
Applying Relay Protection to a 500kV Transmission Line with Series Capacitors
ALPS Series Compensation Calculations with Parallel MOV and Gaps
ALPS Series Compensation for Non-Standard PTs
Steady-State Protection Study for the Application of Series Capacitors in the Empangeni 400 kV Network
Single Pole Tripping
High Voltage Transmission Line Protection with Single Pole Tripping and Reclosing
Phase Selection for Single-Pole Tripping: Weak Infeed Conditions and Cross-Country Faults
Application of a Single Pole Protection Scheme to A Double Circuit KV Transmission Line
Practical Considerations for Single-Pole-Trip Line-Protection Schemes
Out-of-Step Protection
Out-Of-Step Protection Fundamentals and Advancements
Application of Out-of-Step Blocking and Tripping Relays
Power Swing and Out-of-Step Considerations on Transmission Lines
Zero-Setting Power-Swing Blocking Protection
Stability Analysis for Power Swing Protection
Out-of-step protection using the equal area criterion
Distance Relay Coordination Considering Power Swings
Out of step protection with AI Methods
Power Swing Protection Relay Realized by a Digital Fault Recorder
Validation of Out-of-Step Protection With a Real Time Digital Simulator
Application Guidelines for Power Swing Detection on Transmission Systems
Current Differential Protection
Resolving Digital Line Current Differential Relay Security and Dependability Problems: A Case History
Line Differential Protection with an Enhanced Characteristic
The Effect of Multiprinciple Line Protection on Dependability and Security
A New Approach to Current Differential Protection for Transmission Lines
Application of Current Differential Protection to Tapped Transmission Lines
Charge Comparison Protection of Transmission Lines - Relaying Concepts
Charge Comparison Protection of Transmission Lines
Charge Comparison Protection of Transmission Lines - Communications Concepts
Testing Line Current Differential Relays Using Real-Time Digital Simulators
The Trajectories of Line Current Differential Faults in the Alpha Plane
Securing Sequence-Current Differential Elements
Advanced Sequence Elements for Line Current Differential Protection
Applying Digital Current Differential Systems Over Leased Digital Service
Distribution Line Protection
Trip and Restore Distribution Circuits at Transmission Speeds
Review of Ground Fault Protection Methods for Grounded, Ungrounded, and Compensated Distribution Systems
Microprocessor-Based Distribution Relay Applications
Optimized Distribution Feeder Protection With Remote and Local Control
Aspects of Overcurrent Protection for Feeders and Motors
Obtaining A Reliable Polarizing Source For Ground Directional Elements in Multisource Isolated-Neutral Distribution Systems
International Drive Distribution Automation and Protection
Fuse Saving Schemes in Feeder Relays
Negative-Sequence Overcurrent Element Application and Coordination in Distribution Protection
Two vs. Three Overcurrent Elements for Phase Fault Protection in Feeder Relays
Coordination Time in Feeder Relays
Fuse Saving Schemes in Feeder Relays
Modeling of a Radial Distribution Feeder with TCC-based Protective Devices
A New scheme for improved distribution protection employing numerical overcurrent relays
Constraints reduction of the optimal coordination of overcurrent relays
Overcurrent and earth fault protection systems assessment
Optimized Distribution Protection Using Binary Programming
Optimal Distribution Protection Design: Quality of Solution and Computational Analysis
Optimal Trade-Offs in Distribution Protection Design
Adaptive Relay Setting for Load Diversity
Earth Fault-Protection in Low-Resistance Earthed Systems
Earth Fault-Protection in Resonant Earthed Systems
Earth Fault-Protection for Systems with isolated Starpoints
Disconnecting Facility with Flexible Protecition Function
Thermal Overload Protection of Cables
Differential Cable Protection via Fiber Optics
Differential Protection of cables up to 12 km via Pilot Wire Protection
Medium Voltage Protection with Auto-Reclosure and Control
Coordination of Inverse-Time Overcurrent Relays with Fuses
Protection for Redundant Supply with a Bus Coupler
Protection of Combined Cable and Overhead Lines
MELPRO-C Digital Relay System for Feeder Protection in Outdoor Installations
MELPRO-D Series Protective Relays for Power Receiving/Distribution Systems
A Fresh Look at Distribution Protection
Protection of electrical distribution networks by the logic selectivity system
High Impedance Fault Detection Technology
High Impedance Fault Detection on Distribution Systems
Single Phase Earth Faults in High Impedance Grounded Networks
Negative Sequence Relaying Applications in Ungrounded and High Impedance Grounded Industrial Systems
Detecting High Impedance Ground Faults
Hi-Z Fault Detection on Distribution Feeders
Hard to find information about distribution systems - Protection, etc.
Simulation of a zero-sequence relay for a distribution network with EMTP-RV. Discrimination between fault current and magnetizing inrush current
Draft Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Distribution Lines
Some Ground Fault Protection Schemes Implemented on Feeder Terminal Unit for Industrial Power Systems
Transient Directional Protection for Distribution Feeders with Embedded Generation
New Directional Ground-Fault Elements Improve Sensitivity in Ungrounded and Compensated Networks
Detection of High-Impedance Faults in Power Distribution Systems
Methods For Detecting Ground Faults In Medium-Voltage Distribution Power Systems
Improvements in Feeder Protection - Providing a Primary and Backup Relay System Utilizing One Relay per Feeder
A Survey of Cold Load Pickup Practices
Multiple Ground Polarizing Current Sources in the F60
Fault Location
Analysis of Fault Location Algorithms for Parallel Transmission Lines with Series Compensation
Evaluation of a Phasor-Based Fault Location Algorithm
Fault Location Using Distributed Paramater Transmission Line Model
A Review of Impedance Based Fault Locating Experience
New Multi-Ended Fault Location Design for Two- or Three-Terminal Lines
A Novel Method for Transmission Network Fault Location Using Genetic Algorithms and Sparse Field Recordings
Fault Location
Synchronized Sampling Improves Fault Location
Impedance-Based Fault Location Experience
Development of a Fault Locating System Using Object-Oriented Programming
Fault Location Estimation Based on Matching the Simulated and Recorded Waveforms Using Genetic Algorithms
Extension to Fault Location Algorithm Based on Synchronized Sampling
Accurate location of faults in parallel transmission lines under availability of measurements from one circuit only
An Accurate Fault Location Using Synchronized Sampling at Two Ends of a Transmission Line
An Accurate Fault Location on Mutually Coupled Transmission Lines Using Synchronized Sampling
New Approach to Accurate Fault Location and Phase Shift Measurements
New Accurate Fault Location Algorithm for Parallel Lines
Fault Location Method for MV Cable Network
Analysis of Fault Location Algorithms for Parallel Transmission Lines
Computation of the earth fault distance in compensated mv-networks
An overview of fault location methods in distribution system based on single end measures of voltage and current
Travelling Wave-Based Fault Location Scheme for Aged Underground Cable Combined with Overhead Line
ATP-EMTP Investigation for Fault Location in Medium Voltage Networks
A Study of Synchronized Sampling Based Fault Location Algorithm
Fault Location in Uncompensated and Series-Compensated Parallel Lines
A Novel Approach to Fault Classification and Fault Location for Medium Voltage Cables Based on Artificial Neural Network
Determining the Locations of Faults in Distribution Systems
Fault Location in EHV Transmission Lines Using Artificial Neural Networks
Impedance-Based Fault Location Experience
C37.114, IEEE Guide for Determining Fault Location on AC Transmission and Distribution Lines
Fault Location Techniques
Statistical Algorithms for Fault Location on Power Transmission Lines
Fault Location Algorithms for Super High Voltage Power Transmission Lines
Manta Test Systems
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